Urinary Obstruction in Cats

Symptoms include bloody urine, urgency to pee (more frequent trips to the litter box), peeing smaller amounts more often, straining to pee, peeing outside the litter box, licking the genital area, meowing loudly and often as if in pain or distress, lethargy/increased hiding, reduced eating, vomiting and diarrhoea.

A urinary blockage is a medical emergency. If your cat shows signs of being unable to urinate or produces only a few drops, seek veterinary care immediately.

Physical examination: Feeling the bladder can indicate blockage. A firm, hard bladder suggests obstruction, while a small bladder may indicate frequent urination due to infection or FIC. – Blood tests: To check kidney function and detect infection or other illnesses. – Urine sample: To check for crystals, especially in cats with frequent infections. – X-rays and ultrasound: To detect stones, other materials in the kidneys or bladder, and any narrowing or masses in the bladder.

Cats that have a urinary obstruction require emergency treatment. Whilst the pet is asleep, a catheter is inserted into the urethra to flush out the blockage or push the stone into the bladder. The bladder is then flushed and drained. The catheter may be left in place for a few days to reduce swelling. Pain medication, diet changes, or other medications may be prescribed to help the cat recover and prevent future blockages. If the blockage is challenging to resolve, more complex surgery on the bladder and/or urethra may be required.

Provide fresh water: encourage your cat to drink more by placing multiple water bowls around the house or using a water fountain. – Specialised diet: maintain a healthy weight: ensure regular exercise for your cat. – Minimise stress: review the environmental elements that might be causing stress. – Regular vet check-ups: schedule regular veterinary visits to monitor your cat's health and catch any issues early. – Lifestyle changes: provide environmental enrichment and interactive play to keep your cat mentally and physically stimulated.

Urinary obstruction is a serious condition, but with prompt treatment and preventive measures, the outlook is very good. Untreated, this condition can be fatal, so timely veterinary care is crucial.